Nanoparticle vaccine based on the envelope protein domain III of JEV elicits robust protective immune responses in mice - Supplementary materials

Aim: To develop a vaccine candidate for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), for which an effective and safe

vaccine is urgently needed. Materials & methods: A vaccine candidate based on domain III of the JEV

envelope protein and lumazine synthase (EDIII–LS) was prepared by coupling multivalent ED III to a selfassembling nanoparticle of LS through genetic fusion and self-assembly. Results: High enrichment of ED

III was achieved based on the self-assembly of an EDIII–LS polymer. EDIII–LS strongly promoted dendritic

cells’ internalization and presentation compared with ED III monomer. The cellular and humoral immune

responses provoked by EDIII–LS were remarkably higher than those caused by ED III in mice, and conferred

complete protection against JEV challenge. Conclusion: The study of ED III-based nanoparticles suggests

an effective approach against JEV.